Tài liệu ôn tập Tiếng Anh 8 - Unit 7: Pollution

 kiện hiện tại có thể có thật. Ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 để đặt ra một điều kiện có thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại và nêu kết quả có thể xảy ra.
Ví dụ:
 If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation. ( Nếu tôi tìm được địa chỉ của cô ấy, tôi sẽ gửi lời mời tới cô ấy) => Đổi vị trí 2 mệnh đề quan hệ:  I will send her an invitation if I find her address.)
If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari. (Nếu John có nhiều tiền, anh ấy sẽ mua chiếc Ferrari)
Các ví dụ khác cho câu điều kiện loại 1:
1. If Caroline and Sue prepare the salad, Phil will decorate the house.
2. If Sue cuts the onions for the salad, Caroline will peel the mushrooms.
3. Jane will hoover the sitting room if Aaron and Tim move the furniture.
4. If Bob tidies up the kitchen, Anita will clean the toilet.
5. Elaine will buy the drinks if somebody helps her carry the bottles.
II. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES - TYPE 2 (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2)
Câu điều kiện loại II là câu điều kiện không có thực ở hiện tại.
1. Cấu trúc:
If + S + V (QKĐ), S + would/ could (not) + V.
2. Cách dùng:
Câu điều kiện loại 2 Chỉ sự việc không thể hoặc khó có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Ví dụ:
            If I were you, I would go abroad.
            (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ đi nước ngoài)
Diễn tả hành động “không có thật” ở “hiện tại” hoặc “tương lai”
Ví dụ:
            It isn't cold now so I switch on the fans
       => If it were cold now, we wouldn't switch on the fans.
            (Nếu trời lạnh, chúng tôi sẽ không bật quạt)
       => Hiện tại trời không lạnh nên chúng tôi bật quạt hoặc nếu tương lai xảy ra thì cũng vậy.
* Note: Chúng ta dùng “were” cho tất cả các ngôi, không dùng “was”
            If I were a bird, I would fly
            (Nếu tôi là 1 con chim, tôi sẽ bay được)
 “Sự tiếc nuối” ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ví dụ:
            If he helped me, I could do something
            (Nếu anh ấy giúp tôi, tôi đã có thể làm điều gì đó)
       => Hiện tai thì tôi đan...nvironmental issues at school.
________________________________________________________________________
2. Light pollution happens. Animals change their behaviour patterns.
________________________________________________________________________
3. The levels of radioactive pollution decrease. We switch from nuclear power to renewable energy sources.
________________________________________________________________________
4. The water temperature increases. Some aquatic creatures are unable to reproduce.
________________________________________________________________________
5. People get more diseases. The water is contaminated.
________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3. Match an if-clause (1-5) with a suitable main clause (a-e).
Column A
Matching
Column B
1. If I were you,
1 -
a. what would happen?
2. If Lan wasn’t ill,
2 - 
b. I'd look for a new place to live.
3. If there were fewer cars on the road,
3 -
c. she would join our tree planting activity.
4. If people really cared about the environment,
4 -
d. there would be less pollution.
5. If there was no fresh water in the world,
5 -
e. they wouldn’t dump waste into the lake.
Exercise 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1. If you (be) ________________the president, what ________________ you (do) ________________to help the environment?
2. They get sick so often. If they (exercise) ________________more, they (be) ________________  healthier.
3. If I (have) ________________one million US dollars, I (build) ________________more parks in our city.
4. Ngoc’s mother is unhappy. If Ngoc (tidy) ________________her room every day, her mother (not be) ________________so upset.
5. There isn’t a garden at our house. If there (be) ________________, we (grow) ________________ vegetables.
Exercise 5. Write a conditional sentence type 2 for each situation, as in the example.
Example: People throw rubbish in the street. The street doesn’...ntists are worried about global warming. The consequences could be serious. If all the ice in the Arctic and Antarctic regions ________________ (melt), sea levels ________________ (rise) and cause terrible floods. If sea levels ________________ (rise), people living in coastal areas ________________ (lose) their homes. The melting ice would also affect the temperature of the sea. If the sea ________________ (get) colder, the northern half of the world ________________ (freeze). There would be terrible snow storms and millions of people ________________ (die).
Exercise 7. Complete the second conditional sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs below. 
be      build      catch      help      marry      not sit      not work      understand
1. If we all recycled our rubbish, it ________________the environment.
2. He would be fitter and healthier if he ________________in front of the TV all day.
3. We would use less energy if we ________________smaller houses.
4. If we learned about other cultures, we ________________people from other countries better.
5. If I ________________the early train, I would be in London by lunchtime.
6. Lots of people ________________in danger if there was a tornado.
7. If we ________________so much and relaxed more, we would be a lot happier!
8. She ________________ him if she really loved him.
Exercise 8. Complete the text. Use the correct second conditional form of the verbs in brackets.
Cumbre Vieja, on the island of La Palma, is a super-volcano. Some scientists are worried that one day it could erupt. If a large earthquake ________________ (1.happen) on La Palma, it ________________ (2.start) a huge volcanic eruption. If the super-volcano ________________ (3.erupt), the explosion ________________ (4.cause) an enormous landslide. If a large part of the volcano ________________ (5.fall) into the sea, there would be a tsunami. The wave ________________ (6.destroy) cities near the coast and kill many people if it _____________